The Potential of Coriander Leaf Extract in Amelioration of Arsenic‐Induced Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice and Phytochemical Characterization by GC‐MS

Arsenic intoxication is a serious public health concern that causes several diseases, urging the discovery of new therapeutics. Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum ) has been reported to demonstrate its ameliorating effect on lead, cadmium, and carbendazim‐induced toxicity. However, no studies have investigated the arsenic (As)‐induced toxicity protective effect of coriander leaf extract and its phytochemical characterization by GC‐MS. The study aimed to investigate the protective role of the methanolic extract of coriander leaves against arsenic‐induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice and characterize its phytoconstituents by GC‐MS. Mice were divided into three groups, control, As‐treated, and As plus extract–treated groups, and treated with three different doses of extract (150, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. The arsenic‐intoxicated mice that received coriander extract doses showed an increased body weight compared to the As‐treated group. This extract protected arsenic‐intoxicated mice by restoring hematological and biochemical parameters and improving histopathological changes. GC‐MS analysis of the extract identified 59 compounds that fall under diverse phytochemical classes, and the major compounds characterized were 13‐docosenamide, (Z)‐, gamma‐sitosterol, phthalic acid, di(2‐propylpentyl) ester, stigmasterol, vitamin E, neophytadiene, gamma‐tocopherol, and phytol. Incorporating an appropriate amount of coriander into the diet or using it as an adjuvant alongside chelating therapies may offer health benefits in mitigating arsenic‐induced toxicity.