Prevalence of Sleep disturbances in Morocco: A population-based study

Sleep disturbances negatively impact individuals’ physical, psychological, and social health and individual performance. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sleep disturbances in Morocco as its primary objective and the related risk factors as a secondary objective, using a sample of 1010 participants from seven Moroccan regions selected for their population density and socio-cultural diversity. Participants were interviewed over the telephone by an accredited expert call center. Information on sleep disturbances and habits was collected using sleep disturbance questionnaires, which distinguish two main sleep disturbances: insomnia symptoms and excessive daytime sleepiness. Logistic regression models were used for risk factors. We collected data from 1,010 participants, yielding a response rate of 61.77%. The mean age was 44.90 (±16.09) years (range: 18-96), with a female preponderance (78%). Insomnia symptoms prevalence rate reached 30.2% (95% CI: 27.4–33.1), and the excessive daytime sleepiness prevalence rate was 17.9% (95% CI: 15.7–20.4). Among sociodemographic parameters (age, sex, educational level, and comorbidities), the female sex and educational level were associated with a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances. Insomnia symptoms (30.2%) were the most prevalent sleep disturbances. Its prevalence was higher among females (33.4%; 95% CI: 30.2–36.7) than males (18.9%; 95% CI: 14.3–24.6). Similarly, for excessive daytime sleepiness, the prevalence was higher among females (19.8%; 95% CI: 17.2–22.7) than males (11.3%; 95% CI: 7.7–16.1).