Voltage-Controlled Reconfigurable Boolean Logic Enabled by a β-Ga ₂ O ₃ Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse

Reconfigurable Boolean logics have garnered significant attention due to their potential to meet growing requirements of low energy consumption, short time delay, and high integrated circuit density in digital systems. Synaptic devices present a promising candidate toward reconfigurable Boolean logic gates by adjusting terminal biases, particularly working with optical stimulus. In this work, an optoelectronic synaptic device based on a β-Ga2O3 metal-oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) for reconfigurable Boolean logic gates is demonstrated via a trap-carrier modulation scheme. Synaptic functionalities including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), and transition from short-term memory (STM) to long-term memory (LTM) are investigated. For a single EPSC, the β-Ga2O3 optoelectronic synaptic device exhibits low energy consumption (Econ) and excellent noise immunity. In addition, AND, OR, and NOT gates are implemented by tuning terminal voltages. Combing the reconfigurable logic functions and synaptic behaviors of the β-Ga2O3 MOSFET, two typical applications, namely, handwriting number recognition and image encryption, are explicitly investigated. The validation of trap-modulated β-Ga2O3 synaptic devices for reconfigurable Boolean logic gates paves a solid path for high-performance digital systems.