A framework for reforming core mechanical engineering curricula in response to the electrification revolution: A case study in automotive thermal sciences

Against the backdrop of the automotive industry's electrification revolution, a significant discrepancy has emerged between industry needs and the talent cultivation models of traditional engineering education. This paper addresses the global challenge of outdated thermal science curricula, which remain focused on internal combustion engines, leaving graduates ill-equipped for the complexities of Electric Vehicle (EV) thermal management. To address this issue, we present a systematic, multi-dimensional framework for modernizing these foundational courses. The proposed curriculum shifts the teaching focus from heat engines to battery thermal physics, heat pump systems, and Integrated Thermal Management Systems (ITMS). It incorporates advanced cooling technologies, modern simulation tools, and project-based learning, utilizing case studies to bridge theoretical teaching with engineering practice. This work provides a detailed reference blueprint for vehicle engineering programs. More importantly, it offers a referential and transferable pedagogical framework that can guide other engineering disciplines in adapting their legacy curricula to confront disruptive technological change.