Sustainable Digital Transformation: The Dynamics of Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property in the European Context

The accelerated evolution of digital technologies has transformed digital transformation from a strategic option into a structural necessity for sustainable economic growth.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the economic impact of sustainable digitalization and the role of technology transfer in fostering economic development.The study employs an exploratory research design aimed at identifying the main barriers encountered in the registration of intellectual property rights and the obstacles to technology transfer that have emerged in the aftermath of recent global crises.The analysis investigates trends in artificial intelligence adoption, e-commerce expansion, digital financial services, and the contribution of the information and communications technology sector to gross value added within the European Union, with a particular focus on Romania.The findings underscore the critical role of technology transfer and IP protection in enhancing innovation capacity, strengthening competitiveness, and ensuring economic resilience during periods of disruption.The results also highlight the need for coherent policy measures, sustained investment in research and innovation, and the continuous development of digital competencies.Ultimately, sustainable digital transformation, anchored in effective technology transfer and robust IP management, emerges as a fundamental driver of longterm economic competitiveness and sustainable development within the European context.