Joint Optimization Model for Earthwork Allocation Considering Soil and Water Conservation Fees, Landscape Restoration Fees, and Road Transportation Intensity

The composition elements of the earthwork allocation system (excavation project, filling project, transfer yard, waste disposal yard, and material yard) and the relationship between material flow were analyzed. Based on the construction of calculation models for soil and water conservation fees, landscape restoration fees, and road transportation intensity, a joint optimization model was constructed with the objectives of minimizing the total allocation cost and minimizing the peak transportation intensity of the road. By dynamically adjusting the volatility, setting penalty factors, and vectorizing NumPy arrays, the ant colony algorithm is improved and the optimization model is solved. Case analysis shows that considering the intensity of road transportation, the peak transportation intensity significantly decreases, and the proportion of directly filled earthwork increases to over 88% without exceeding the capacity of the intermediate transfer site. The total cost only increases by 0.91%, and the allocation plan is more in line with actual construction needs.