From complexity to parsimony: A systems thinking validation of the multiple streams framework in abortion policy agenda setting

This study provides theoretical validation that the parsimonious MSF can account for the complexity of abortion policy agenda setting when integrated with systems thinking. The causal loop diagram identifies actionable leverage points for advocacy and policy reform and offers a dynamic, testable model for understanding agenda setting in contentious policy domains. These findings bridge theoretical innovation with practical relevance, laying a foundation for future empirical research and offering insights for scholars, advocates and decision-makers seeking to influence the policy agenda for abortion and other complex health issues.