Phase change material integrated geo polymer mortar as an energy efficient building material: Technical insights on formation, characterization, structural/thermal performance and applications

Abstract The addition of phase change materials (PCM) to geo polymer mortar (GPM) is a promising advance in the pursuit of ecologically benign and energy‐efficient construction materials. This review looks at the synthesis, characterization, and performance of GPMs, with a particular emphasis on the consequences of adding PCMs. The review emphasizes the growing global demand for energy‐efficient construction solutions and discusses the critical role of geo polymer mortar in meeting this demand. It also addresses the synergy between PCM and GPM, revealing the principles underlying PCM's latent heat storage capacities and the geo polymer's ability to operate as a stable and durable matrix. Major findings show that PCMs considerably improve the thermal characteristics of GPMs by increasing heat capacity and decreasing thermal conductivity. In addition to boosting durability and thermal resilience, the energy‐storing PCM and the strong GPM combo increase long‐term performance. The PCM incorporated GPM improves thermal energy storage capacities; energy savings of up to 30% for cooling and 15% for heating. However, the addition of PCMs often results in a minor drop in mechanical performance, particularly compressive strength. Although the mortar is weak due to the development of air spaces and weak connections between the PCM capsules and the mortar matrix the strengths are within acceptable limits. Future study is needed to improve long‐term performance and endurance in demanding real‐world environments. This comprehensive review will inspire further research, innovation, and adoption of this technology, thereby contributing to a greener and more energy‐efficient built environment.