Approaches to demographic development governance in the context of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals : international experience

The article presents the results of an analysis of contemporary international experience, conducted with the aim of identifying the most common approaches to managing demographic development in the context of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The topic of managing national demographic development in the context of achieving the SDGs is a relevant research direction, as a deep understanding of the dynamics of global and national demographic changes and their interaction with other global trends, such as climate change, digital transformation, and increased overall tensions in the world, is required for making scientifically grounded managerial decisions. The experience of managing demographic development in the context of achieving the SDGs can be useful for Russia, as from a managerial perspective, the tasks that our country and the international community are addressing in promoting a sustainable development model amid global demographic shifts are similar. The research base consisted of official documents, reports, forecasts, expert publications from international organizations (UN, OECD, IMF, European Commission) and countries from various regions of the world, international statistical data, and relevant scientific literature. The study employed general scientific approaches, semantic analysis, and comparative methods. Groups of factors influencing international approaches to managing demographic development in the context of achieving the SDGs were identified. The ambivalent nature of the influence of global demographic shifts on the prospects for achieving various SDGs was demonstrated. It was concluded that under contemporary conditions, there is a mutual adjustment of demographic management policies in the context of achieving the SDGs and, consequently, an adjustment of policies for achieving the SDGs in the context of the influence of global demographic shifts. The priority approach becomes the use of adaptive management methods. However, adaptation does not mean that the policy is limited to reacting to external challenges. On the contrary, effective adaptive management should be proactive, aimed at purposefully managing demographic changes in light of new realities. One of the promising directions of demographic policy is to facilitate the increase of the share of people of working age in the population structure and create opportunities to more effectively utilize the emerging "demographic dividend" for economic growth.