Debris flow risk characteristics and potential spatial mitigation strategies under extreme rainfall events

This study examines the vulnerability of regions prone to debris flow disasters in Taiwan, focusing on the intersection of environmental, socioeconomic, and adaptive capacity factors. Using a composite vulnerability index based on exposure, sensitivity, and resilience, we integrate data from multiple sources to assess the regional risks posed by extreme rainfall events and landslide susceptibility. The study emphasizes the importance of location-specific vulnerability factors, including topography, land use, and infrastructure, in understanding the spatial distribution of disaster risks. By applying principal component analysis (PCA), the research identifies key components of potential impact and adaptation capacity, providing a nuanced understanding of disaster resilience. Empirical analysis is conducted in Nantou County, a region heavily impacted by debris flow events due to its role as a headwater for several major rivers in Taiwan. The study finds that areas with high exposure to rainfall and slope hazards, coupled with low adaptive capacity, are at significant risk of increased disaster losses. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted disaster management policies, including enhanced infrastructure, community mobilization, and resource allocation in vulnerable regions. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on regional vulnerability assessments and provides a foundation for more effective disaster risk management and climate adaptation strategies.