Biocomposite materials for a circular economy in manufacturing companies: a review

This review presents biocomposite materials as a sustainable strategy for manufacturing, aligned with the principles of the circular economy. A bibliometric and systematic review of 109 studies was conducted, highlighting the mechanical, thermal, and chemical performance of biocomposites, as well as their applications in sectors such as construction, automotive, and packaging. The findings reveal that biocomposites with biodegradable polymers matrices and reinforced with natural fibers such as flax, jute, and hemp can reduce product weight by up to 40%, improving mechanical performance by 25%, and lower carbon diioxide emissions by ≈30% compared to conventional materials. Data analysis identified key production challenges, emerging trends, innovation gaps, and future research opportunities, while also mapping international collaboration networks and thematic evolutions in research. This work concludes that biocomposites are alternatives to fossil-based materials and key enablers of circular economy strategies and sustainable manufacturing practices, offering significant environmental, economic, and regulatory advantages. However, their widespread adoption and large-scale implementation still faces critical challenges, including material compatibility, performance consistency, standardization in process, and end-of-life management. Overcoming these limitations requires interdisciplinary collaboration, advances in biopolymers, and the application of life cycle assessment from the design stage.