Barriers to the Global LGBTQ Progress (and How They May be Crossed)

ABSTRACT: Increasing globalization and modernization correlate with improvements in LGBTQ rights in most parts of the world, but not in member states of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). These countries may have hardened their cultural or historical perceptions of sexuality and gender in response to a perceived Western threat to local identity and national sovereignty. Additionally, highly developed and globalized Muslim-majority countries may be better equipped to resist pressures to liberalize than their poorer counterparts. To improve LGBTQ rights, it is important to ensure that advocacy is not perceived as Western paternalism or the continuation of colonial dictates.