Ground Pressure Control Measures and Microseismic Verification During the Recovery Process of Residual Ore Bodies

The development of mineral resources in China is increasingly targeting the recovery of residual ore bodies, which significantly elevates geotechnical risks, including goaf collapse and pillar instability. To address these challenges, this study developed an integrated ground pressure control system that coordinates mining, backfilling, and support technologies. The system is dynamically optimized through a microseismic monitoring-based feedback mechanism, forming a closed-loop disaster management framework. Based on a two-year microseismic monitoring campaign (October 2012–September 2014), which captured 103 located events, a strong spatial clustering of seismic activity was observed, with over 7% of event pairs occurring within 20 m, particularly at the abutment of the syncline ore body. A zonal early-warning model was established using key parameters (event rate ratio ≥ 3, cluster density ≥ 15 events/10,000 m3, energy ratio ≥ 4). The effectiveness of the control system was validated by a 5.9% reduction in located events and a decrease in maximum magnitude from 0.3 to −0.2, despite a 34% year-on-year increase in ore production in 2019. These results demonstrate that the integrated approach provides a reliable and adaptive solution for ground pressure disaster prevention during residual ore recovery.