Which Factors are Holding up the Integration of the Environmental Impact of Health Technologies in Health Technology Assessment? Insights from a Multi-Stakeholder Interview Study

Integrating environmental impact into HTA will require shifting toward a societal perspective, stronger collaboration across stakeholders, and development of EU-level guidance, expert panels, and standardized methodologies. Methodologies incorporating equity into economic analyses should be explored as a potential direction for future research. Until frameworks mature, environmental impact is likely to remain informative but not yet decisive in HTA.