A step towards sustainable concrete with the utilization of M-sand in concrete production: A review

Abstract Manufactured sand (M-sand or MS) conserves natural resources and enhances concrete performance and sustainability. However, a comprehensive and updated review is required to summarize and compare the weak and strong points of MS in concrete compared to natural sand (N-sand). This review synthesizes the current research on MS as an alternative material in concrete production. The review discussed the background and current problems associated with natural river sand in the construction industry, the production of MS, biographic analysis, physical and chemical properties of MS, the impact of MS on concrete strength, durability, microstructure, and sustainability performance. Results indicate that MS has physical and chemical properties comparable to N-sand, and produces concrete with improved strength, durability, microstructure, and sustainability. However, MS negatively impacts the flowability of concrete. Finally, the review recommends proposed research gaps that need to be explored in the future.