Comparative Pharmacological and Macromolecular Evaluation of Metformin‐Sitagliptin and Metformin‐Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, negative nitrogen balance, and ketonemia. In recent years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been rapidly increasing in India. This study aims to perform a comparative pharmacological and macromolecular evaluation of two drug combinations: Metformin with Sitagliptin and Metformin with Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. It is an observational study conducted on 50 patients from Shri Mahant Indiresh (SMI) Hospital, West Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, divided into two groups. The first group was treated with Metformin‐Sitagliptin, while the second received Metformin‐Glimepiride. The results indicate a positive effect of both drug combinations on diabetic patients. Macromolecular analysis suggests that the molecular interaction and metabolic pathways differ between the two combinations, influencing their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. The safety of Metformin‐Sitagliptin was found to be superior due to its lower risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, this combination was favorable for weight management, preventing approximately 30% of obesity cases among the study population. From a pharmacological perspective, Metformin‐Glimepiride demonstrated greater efficacy in controlling fasting glucose levels, whereas Metformin‐Sitagliptin was more effective in postprandial glucose regulation. These findings provide significant insights into the clinical applications of these drug combinations, contributing to advancements in diabetes management.