Connecting systems engineering and domain expertise through a toolchain: A simulation-integrated MBSE approach

• Automated SysML v2 FMI/SSP model transformation bridges MBSE and co-simulation. • Interface-driven SSI workflow fosters engineer–domain expert collaboration. • Open-source toolchain automates FMI/SSP co-simulations using standard formats. • Standardized FMI/SSP co-simulation streamlines system model and system simulation integration. As the complexity of cyber-physical systems (CPS) grows, ensuring seamless collaboration between system engineers and domain experts while integrating multidomain perspectives becomes increasingly challenging. This study proposes a model-based systems engineering (MBSE) toolchain and workflow to enhance CPS development by transforming MBSE models into simulation architectures. First, a structured approach is introduced to improve communication and coordination between system engineers and domain experts. The workflow proposes a standard system interface (SSI) definition via implementation of the SysML v2 features for MBSE model creation. The MBSE model is systematically organized and transferred to the simulation domain by automation in model transformation. Moreover, the suggested method is more extensible by implementing widely accepted standards like FMI and SSP in the simulation domain. A compatible tool has been developed to transform MBSE models into simulation architectures, ensuring a smooth transition from system design to simulation execution. The toolchain and workflow have been implemented in vehicle powertrain development to demonstrate their practical applicability. By using open-access and open-source foundations, the workflow provides a scalable and adaptable solution for integrating system modeling with simulation, fostering more efficient and accurate system development.