Research on a virtual inertia control strategy for a wind-Storage combined power generation system based on model predictive control

This research addresses the issue of low grid inertia in wind energy systems by proposing an improved control strategy that integrates model predictive control (MPC) with virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control. As traditional energy sources deplete and environmental concerns increase, wind energy is rapidly growing. However, most wind turbines in maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode cannot support grid inertia. Energy storage systems in wind farms can provide inertia and frequency regulation support to enhance grid stability. While VSG technology improves inertia, it struggles to track grid frequency changes effectively, potentially causing oscillations. The study analyzes the virtual inertia and VSG control of the wind-storage combined power generation system, establishes a predictive model to track real-time frequency variations, and integrates the MPC optimization results into the VSG control loop. Simulations show that the proposed MPC-VSG strategy allows wind farms to simulate synchronous generator inertia, thus reducing the maximum rate of frequency change, frequency deviation, and steady-state error, while improving system inertia. The study concludes that the MPC-VSG control strategy significantly enhances the inertia level and frequency stability of wind-storage integrated power systems compared to traditional VSG control and traditional proportional integral (PI) control.