Relationship between dietary pesticide intake and urinary excretion: a pilot study using duplicate portion analysis

Dietary uptake is estimated using residue data from food commodities and predicting the effect of food processing, such as peeling. The aim of this study was to explore the value of the analysis of duplicate portions supplemented by the analysis of urinary metabolites. Forty-three participants, consuming organic and non-organic diets collected a duplicate portion of food and beverages for 24 hours. Urine was collected up to 36 hours to account for metabolism and prolonged excretion of metabolites. Pesticide residues were analysed in food portions and urine samples using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. Multiple pesticide residues were detected per food portion. Out of 183 pesticides, 86 were detected in the diet. Glyphosate and AMPA were detected in 42% and 30% of all urine samples, respectively, while detection in the diet was low. A positive relationship between dietary intake and urinary excretion was found for 2,4-D and MCPA. No diet-urine relationship was observed for glyphosate and AMPA, indicating contribution from external routes of exposure. Hazard index (HI) indicated no exposure above the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for all participants. This study demonstrates how DPA combined with urine analysis gives insight into contribution of diet to total pesticide exposure compared to standard monitoring. • Duplicate portion analysis includes contributions of food processing and portioning • Data was collected from seven countries, and from organic and non-organic diets • DPA combined with urinary excretion provides valuable insights into exposure to pesticides • Mismatch between dietary portions and urinary excretion suggests non-dietary intake • Hazard index calculations assuming additivity indicated no exceedance of ADI

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
Published
2025-10-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2025.105972
Primary Topic
Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Relationship between dietary pesticide intake and urinary excretion: a pilot study using duplicate portion analysis

Trine Nørgaard, Frans G. M. Rüssel, Igor Pasković, Isabel Campos et al.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
article

Relationship between dietary pesticide intake and urinary excretion: a pilot study using duplicate portion analysis

Trine Nørgaard, Frans G. M. Rüssel, Igor Pasković, Isabel Campos, Daniel Figueiredo, Tanja Blagus, Ad M.J. Ragas, Neus González, Vivi Schlünssen, Marija Polić Pasković, Nélson Abrantes, Hans Mol, Virginia Aparicio, Vita Dolžan, Martien Graumans, Matjaž Glavan, Paula Harkes, Paul T.J. Scheepers, Josefina Contreras, Ángel Francisco, Nina Wieland
article en

Abstract

Dietary uptake is estimated using residue data from food commodities and predicting the effect of food processing, such as peeling. The aim of this study was to explore the value of the analysis of duplicate portions supplemented by the analysis of urinary metabolites. Forty-three participants, consuming organic and non-organic diets collected a duplicate portion of food and beverages for 24 hours. Urine was collected up to 36 hours to account for metabolism and prolonged excretion of metabolites. Pesticide residues were analysed in food portions and urine samples using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. Multiple pesticide residues were detected per food portion. Out of 183 pesticides, 86 were detected in the diet. Glyphosate and AMPA were detected in 42% and 30% of all urine samples, respectively, while detection in the diet was low. A positive relationship between dietary intake and urinary excretion was found for 2,4-D and MCPA. No diet-urine relationship was observed for glyphosate and AMPA, indicating contribution from external routes of exposure. Hazard index (HI) indicated no exposure above the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for all participants. This study demonstrates how DPA combined with urine analysis gives insight into contribution of diet to total pesticide exposure compared to standard monitoring. • Duplicate portion analysis includes contributions of food processing and portioning • Data was collected from seven countries, and from organic and non-organic diets • DPA combined with urinary excretion provides valuable insights into exposure to pesticides • Mismatch between dietary portions and urinary excretion suggests non-dietary intake • Hazard index calculations assuming additivity indicated no exceedance of ADI

Regulatory Toxicology and PharmacologyVol. 164
Radboud University Nijmegen (NL), University of Ljubljana (SI), Utrecht University (NL), Radboud University Medical Center (NL), Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ES), National Institute of Industrial Technology (AR), Danish Ramazzini Center (DK), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud (ES), Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (BR), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (NL), National Agricultural Technology Institute (AR), Institute of Agriculture and Tourism (HR), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (ES), University of Aveiro (PT), Wageningen University & Research (NL)
European Commission, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Marinhos, Universidade de Aveiro, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Openalex Percentile: Top 77%
Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.