Design and Implementation of a High-Efficiency 12V Dual Power Supply System for Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Applications

The rapid demand for efficient and reliable battery charging solutions for electric vehicles (EVs) has unveiled the limitations of conventional single-source chargers. To address these challenges, this research paper presents the design and implementation of a 12V dual power supply battery charger system capable of operating from both AC mains (grid) and renewable DC sources such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed system (charger) integrates a highly efficient power conversion stage with intelligent charge control to ensure fast, safe, and cost-effective charging. Automated source selection and discontinuous-mode soft switching are employed to improve flexibility, minimize switching losses, and reduce thermal stress. A prototype was designed and simulated using Circuit Wizard software, programmed in C++, and experimentally tested. However, results confirm stable operation with a constant 12V output from both grid and solar inputs, demonstrating enhanced efficiency and reliability. The proposed charger offers a sustainable and versatile solution suitable for domestic, commercial, and industrial energy storage applications.