Health promotion in chronic conditions: Colombian physiotherapists’ experiences

Abstract Background During the last two decades there has been a call for physiotherapists (PTs) to increase health promotion (HP) interventions in their practice to optimize health and well-being. However, little is known about the characteristics of such practices. The aim of this study was to provide an in-depth examination of the experiences of Colombian PTs regarding their HP practices in chronic health conditions and lifestyle related risk factors. Methods An interpretive description qualitative approach was used to explore the experiences and perspectives of Colombian PTs in HP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of PTs. Thematic analysis was conducted with the assistance of NVivo software. Results Twelve participants were interviewed. We found three main themes: navigating the health system, current physiotherapists’ health promotion practices; and improving health promotion practice. Participants described restrictions to HP practice due to various systemic barriers and lack of autonomy as well as the insufficient recognition of the role of PTs in this field. Participants recognized the important role of HP in health and wellbeing and how their perception of HP has evolved throughout their careers. They also considered they are the ideal professionals to lead HP programs related to chronic conditions and associated lifestyle risk factors. However, they felt they needed more education and skills, placing the responsibility for this, as well as advocacy for recognizing their role in this field, on professional associations and academia. Conclusions The practice of HP in physiotherapy is hindered by the lack of recognition of their potential in this area and the barriers imposed by the health system. It is necessary to explore ways to enhance the recognition of the role of PTs in HP and the development of HP skills. Key messages • The characteristics of the health system shape health promotion practices in physiotherapy regarding chronic conditions and related lifestyle risk factors. • More education and awareness of the potential role of PTs in HP in chronic conditions is needed.