Substance Use and Prevention Needs of NEET Youth: A French Qualitative Study

Abstract Background In 2022, 13% of the individuals aged 15-29 were NEETs (Not in Employment, Education or Training). This heterogeneous group has a social status that influences health behaviours. Problematic substance use is prevalent among NEETs, potentially reinforcing their already existing isolation or hindering their reintegration. The literature lacks information on the context, lifestyles, and motivations of consumption among NEETs. The aim of this study is to analyse needs and perceptions regarding substance use and prevention perspectives for this population. Methods A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted with NEETs and professionals in France. The recruitment ensured the representation of diverse NEET sub-groups. The interview guide covered: 1) lifestyle and well-being perceptions, 2) substance use and risks, 3) prevention needs and suggestions. Inductive thematic analysis will be performed on the transcriptions. Results Interviews were conducted with 22 professionals working with NEETs in social and health structures, and 10 young NEETs. Results highlight that NEETs, mostly isolated, turn to substances to manage emotions linked to their mental health issues such as depression or anxiety. NEETs have erroneous beliefs about new modes of consumption (puff, e-cigarette). Tobacco use is downplayed by professionals, seen as a low priority for reintegration. Both young people and professionals believe that NEETs are aware of prevention messages but do not take them on board in their health behaviours. Conclusions Co-creation tailored prevention interventions requires addressing misconceptions about new consumption methods while considering substance use as an emotional coping strategy among NEETs. Participatory approaches involving both NEETs and professionals appear essential to move beyond simple information transfer and promote ownership of prevention messages, while integrating substance use issues into a comprehensive reintegration approach. Key messages • NEETs use substances primarily as emotional coping strategies for mental health issues, while having misconceptions about newer consumption methods like e-cigarettes. • Prevention requires participatory approaches involving both NEETs and professionals to ensure message ownership within comprehensive reintegration efforts.