Microbial Remediation of Lindane‐Contaminated Soils: Unveiling Environmental Fate, Degradation Pathways, and Future Directions

ABSTRACT Lindane is a persistent organic contaminant that poses adverse environmental and health risks due to its toxicity and extensive use in agriculture. Therefore, efficient remediation methods are required to reduce soil contamination and enhance food safety. Microbial degradation is a highly suitable, eco‐friendly, and cost‐effective approach to treating contaminated soils. Some soil microorganisms convert lindane into non‐toxic or less toxic substances via different degradation pathways, with bacteria typically achieving faster degradation than fungi. Additionally, microbial‐assisted remediation approaches can further enhance lindane degradation in soils. This review focuses on the microbial potential for lindane degradation and highlights future research directions, particularly the application of omics‐based and gene‐editing tools for improving these strategies.