Biohydrogen Production Potential from Organic Waste in Balinese Markets and Utilization of Residual Byproducts for Polluted Water Treatment

The effective management of organic waste from plant residues and food materials is essential for sustainable environmental practices and energy generation, particularly through the production of biohydrogen. This process involves the anaerobic digestion of organic waste, which can yield biogas primarily composed of methane at neutral pH levels. In contrast, an acidic environment (pH 4-5) promotes the generation of biohydrogen, a renewable energy source that contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Biohydrogen offers numerous advantages, including high energy efficiency, renewability, and environmental safety, as its combustion results in the release of only heat and water vapor, thus avoiding harmful effects associated with conventional fossil fuels. This study investigates the influence of various inoculum types on hydrogen gas production from organic waste, focusing on optimizing conditions for biohydrogen yield. Additionally, it explores the potential of residues from biohydrogen production as biodegradable agents for improving water quality. The findings highlight the efficacy of enzyme extracts derived from biohydrogen production residues in reducing key water quality parameters, such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). By integrating sustainability principles, this research advocates for the recycling of biohydrogen residues as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional chemical treatments, thus contributing to both energy generation and environmental remediation efforts.