Information–Entropy Analysis of Stellar Evolutionary Stages with Application to FS CMa Objects

Theoretical foundations are presented for the application of information-entropy methods from statistical physics to the determination of stellar evolutionary stages. A balance equation involving normalized conditional information and entropy is proposed. The conditional information is defined as the difference between the entropy of the phase space and the conditional probability entropy. A correspondence is demonstrated between theoretical predictions and observational data from stellar emission spectra with respect to their evolutionary classification. The proposed methodology is further applied to the analysis of complex FS CMa-type objects, which exhibit dusty and gaseous structures with components at different evolutionary stages. In this context, the conditional information derived from asymmetric spectral lines is shown to be consistent with the theoretical criteria for the evolutionary status of single, binary, and unclassified stars.