Improving Risk Documentation in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Single-Centre Before-and-After Study of a Pre-printed Consent Form

The introduction of a pre-printed consent form significantly transformed risk documentation for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, increasing from 0% to 100%. This simple, low-cost intervention standardises practice, strengthens medico-legal robustness, and supports shared decision-making. Wider adoption across surgical services may improve consent quality and patient safety.