Energy-aware software design: A hardware and behavioural consumption scoring and labelling algorithm

• Approach to estimate and label the resource consumption and behavioral patterns. • First proposal applicable at the design phase (usable even with hypothetical software). • A variation allows categorizing the parallel execution of software and its operations. • Customizable algorithm to study specific components and behavioral patterns. • Extensive experimental evaluation by categorizing existing software. Energy labelling of electric appliances, among other goods and services, matters to both consumers and producers. It aids the consumers in gathering an expectation of how much electricity the good they are acquiring will consume, and it establishes guidelines that producers can follow to create more efficient products and services. Energy labelling is, nevertheless, nearly absent for software due to the heterogeneous hardware execution environments and unequal circumstances. Throughout this article, we provide an equal ground for software energy labelling by providing an intelligent prospective behavioural, hardware and energy-consumption patterns rating algorithm meant for the design phase of the Software-Development Life Cycle, as opposed to the existing approaches whose labelling procedure applies to the implementation phase onward. We expect our categorization method to guide software developers, helping them to decrease their energy consumption by raising their awareness of the energy footprint that their design choices produce; culminating in aware consumers who know what energy usage to expect from the software they consume.