Percutaneous Coronary Sinus Catheter Placement and Management With Transesophageal Echocardiography for Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery

In our experience, TEE guidance offers an effective approach for percutaneous CSC placement without requiring fluoroscopic guidance. It allows the safe conduct of surgery with multidose administration of retrograde cardioplegia. The alternative to placing a percutaneous CSC is administration of antegrade cardioplegia only, which may not be feasible in all patients, and if feasible, may have limitations in robotic MVr.