Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Status of Undergraduate Students Enrolled in a Dietetic Program at Mansoura University, Egypt

Background: University students face increased risk of nutritional imbalances due to lifestyle changes, academic pressures, and evolving eating behaviors. Understanding their nutritional status is essential for early intervention and long-term health promotion. Objectives: To assess the nutritional status, dietary patterns, and related clinical symptoms among undergraduate students at Mansoura University, and to examine gender-based differences and associations with body mass index (BMI). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students enrolled in a dietetic program aged 18–22 years. Data collection included anthropometric measurements, clinical observations, and a self-reported, structured questionnaire assessing dietary habits, health perceptions, and lifestyle behaviors. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 770 students were included. Approximately 30.8% were overweight, 15.7% obese, and 3.5% underweight, while 50.0% within normal BMI range (91% females). The majority (62.9%) reported no clinical complaints, though symptoms like fatigue (36.6%), poor concentration (34.8%), and signs of anemia (18.8%) were frequent. Dermatological signs such as hair loss, nail discoloration and dry skin were significantly higher in females. A sedentary lifestyle was common (60.5%), and 80% reported irregular meal timing. Only 11.0% consumed all three main meals with snacks. Males were more likely to eat quickly, whereas females experienced more emotional symptoms and body image concerns. Normal-weight individuals consumed more fruits, whole grains, legumes, and home-prepared food compared to obese peers. Conclusions: Undergraduate students face considerable nutritional and psychological challenges, particularly females. The findings call for targeted educational and behavioral interventions to improve nutritional awareness and health outcomes.