Genetic Effects of Dietary Protein Sources on Gene Expression and Inherited Traits

A feeding experiment was conducted to elucidate the impact of partially substituting soybean meal with four alternative plant protein sources (rocket seed meal, Nigella sativa meal, and coconut meal) or their combination on on gene expression and inherited traits and blood lipid profile. Two hundred twenty-five day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were distributed into five different dietary treatment groups: a control diet based on soybean meal and four test diets containing the selected plant proteins. The results demonstrated that birds receiving the alternative protein diets showed significant improvements in growth responses (LBW, BWG, FC, and FCR) compared to the control. Moreover, the experimental groups exhibited elevated serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) levels compared to the control group. Additionally, four alternative plant protein sources increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), especially in diets including RSM and NGM, which showed the greatest effect on antioxidant activity levels.Significant differences were recorded in gene expression levels of IGF-1, PPARα, and PPARγ among the experimental birds. This showed fatty acid oxidation and growth factor IGF-1 activity were affected by Different Untraditional Protein Sourses . IGF-1 and PPARα were increase by the treatments, while PPARγ gene showed a decrease in transcriptional action in broiler. rocket seed, and Nigella Sativa and coconut meals Proven effective in improving gene expression of target genes