Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures for Precise Uncertainty Quantification in Outcome-Based Education Systems: A Rigorous Case Study Analysis

Outcome-Based Education (OBE) emphasizes measurable learning results, yet the evaluation of professional talent training in physical education often involves uncertain, incomplete, or even contradictory indicators. Traditional assessment models are limited in capturing these indeterminacies. To address this challenge, we propose a novel neutrosophic algebraic framework that integrates neutrosophic probability, measure, and algebraic structures with OBE evaluation. This study introduces a neutrosophic evaluation framework that captures both determinate and indeterminate aspects of brand competitiveness. A case study on physical education professional training demonstrates how the proposed model captures hidden uncertainty and provides a more balanced assessment than classical methods. The results highlight the originality and flexibility of neutrosophic approaches in educational evaluation, offering a systematic way to handle indeterminate, inconsistent, and incomplete data in talent development programs.