Contribution of metaproteomics to unveiling the functional role of the gut microbiome in human physiology and metabolism

Current fecal metaproteomics provides an initial understanding of the roles of gut microbes in human health, revealing redundant and taxon-specific functions. Future research should prioritize standardization, large-scale studies, and integration with multi-omics to better understand HGM metabolism. Emerging technologies, advanced mass spectrometry platforms, and AI-driven analytics are expected to increase sensitivity and depth of gut metaproteomics, accelerating discovery and potential clinical applications.