The digital twin revolution in personalised medicine

The digital transformation of the health service will be driven by technology under the expanding concept of precision healthcare. A digital twin is a virtual representation of a physical entity that has dynamic, mutual connections with its digital counterpart. These digital twins have an immense capacity to completely revolutionise healthcare by minimising expenses, raising standards in medical education, research, enhancing patient results and care. By providing scientific competence, vital information, an advanced cyber technology infrastructure, the rapid expansion of massive data, ongoing advancements in data science (DS) and artificial intelligence (AI) have the potential to rapidly accelerate digital twin in research and development. The review of this literature discusses the applications of digital twins in medical sector, suggested frameworks, the significance of digital twin for attaining precision healthcare, cyber-security challenges, and ethical consequences for this novel approach which are covered in a greater depth.