Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM)-associated calpains system in preeclampsia

EOPE is characterized by placental dysfunction, with increased MAM contact observed in PE placentas.The calpain-calpastatin system may be involved in placental dysfunction in PE, with calpain-2 downregulation observed in both PE subtypes and calpain-1 dysregulation differing between EOPE and LOPE. These changes are accompanied by increased MAM contacts in PE placentas, suggesting a potential link between MAM structural abnormalities and calpain system dysregulation, with calpain-2 levels potentially associated with disease severity.