Evaluation of <i>Mucuna pruriens</i> extract as a potential treatment for Huntington’s disease: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in rat models

Objectives: To evaluate the phytochemical profile and neuroprotective potential of Mucuna pruriens (MP) extract in Huntington’s disease (HD), focusing on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms using in vitro and in vivo models. Materials and Methods: Leaves and bark of Mucuna pruriens were sequentially extracted and tested for antioxidant activity. Huntington’s disease-like symptoms were induced in rats using 3-Nitropropionic acid, and the effects of ethanolic MP extract on behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological parameters were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with P &lt; 0.05 considered significant. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed high levodopa content and targets associated with HD pathology. The extract significantly reduced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory mediators, demonstrating potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In 3-NP-induced HD models, MP improved motor function, reduced oxidative stress, and preserved neuronal integrity, suggesting its potential to decelerate HD progression. Conclusion: MP extract exhibits promising neuroprotective effects against HD through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. Further exploration of its molecular targets and clinical applicability is warranted.