Cognitive Neuroelectrophysiological Characteristics of Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Accompanied by Depression

ObjectiveDepressive symptoms and cognitive impairment are two common complications of cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD). This study aimed to investigate the P300 representation in CSVD patients with depressive symptoms and its relationship with depressive symptoms.MethodsWe selected 242 patients with CSVD (depression: n = 56; non-depression: n = 186) and 30 healthy controls. The Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale scales were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms.The latency and amplitude of P300 components were measured using event-related potential (ERP) technique to assess cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive function was evaluated using Mini-mental state examination and Event-Related Potential P300 waves latency & amplitude. Finally, logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between P300 representation and depressive symptoms in CSVD patients.ResultsCompared with NPSD group and Control group, the latency of P300 (P3a and P3b wave groups) in PSD group was longer and the amplitude was lower. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that temporal lobe infarction (OR = 10.878, 95% CI = 2.890-40.939), brainstem infarction (OR = 4.185, 95% CI = 1.544-11.341), SAS score (OR = 1.275, 95% CI = 1.174-1.385),and P3b amplitude (OR = 0.779, 95% CI = 0.635-0.957) were independently correlated with depressive symptoms in CSVD patients (<i>P</i> < .05).ConclusionCSVD patients with depressive symptoms had worse cognitive function, and abnormalities in P300 waves amplitude and latency were more pronounced. The amplitude of P3b in patients with CSVD is decreased, which is significantly correlated with the occurrence of depression.