S225 Temporal Trends in Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence of Gallbladder and Biliary Diseases in High-Income Countries Compared to the USA, 1990 to 2021

Introduction: Gallbladder and biliary diseases are significant contributors to the global health burden, with variations in incidence, prevalence, and mortality influenced by lifestyle, risk factors, and healthcare access. While previous studies have analyzed trends in these diseases, limited research directly compares gender-related patterns between high-income countries (high SDI) and the United States. This study aims to evaluate the long-term trends in age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), and mortality (ASMR) rates for gallbladder and biliary diseases between these regions from 1990 to 2021. Methods: This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. Age-adjusted incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates were extracted for gallbladder and biliary diseases in the United States and high SDI countries. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to calculate annual percentage changes with 95% CIs to identify significant trend shifts over time. Results: Among men in high SDI countries, ASMR declined from 2.03 to 1.67, ASPR from 3210.0 to 2962.4, and ASIR from 987.4 to 932.0 per 100,000. In women, ASMR decreased from 1.79 to 1.34, ASPR from 5141.8 to 4352.3, and ASIR from 1912.0 to 1706.7 per 100,000. Among United States men, ASMR decreased from 1.57 to 1.29, ASPR from 2495.8 to 2278.2, and ASIR from 757.5 to 716.0 per 100,000. Among women, the ASMR decreased from 1.17 to 0.96, the ASPR from 4921.6 to 3796.5, and the ASIR from 1856.5 to 1519.4 per 100,000. Conclusion: This study highlights a significant decline in mortality and prevalence of gallbladder and biliary diseases in both high SDI countries and the United States from 1990 to 2021, with incidence rates showing minor declines or stability. Despite these improvements, the U.S. continues to exhibit a higher disease burden, likely due to obesity, metabolic disorders, and disparities in healthcare access. Addressing modifiable risk factors and implementing equitable healthcare policies is essential for reducing the burden of gallbladder and biliary diseases and improving health outcomes globally.