Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental study of electrochemical dissolution properties of 440C stainless steel

This study investigated the influence of electrolyte composition on the electrochemical dissolution behavior of 440C stainless steel. Dissolution characteristics were evaluated in six distinct electrolytes using electrochemical workstation. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to model electrolyte ion penetration through the passivation layer of 440C stainless steel during electrochemical corrosion. Results demonstrate that the 10% NaCl + 10% NaNO₃ electrolyte leads to the greatest corrosion depth and dissolution rate. Experimental evaluation of the material removal rate (MRR) and post-dissolution surface roughness revealed that, although the 10% NaCl + 10% NaNO₃ electrolyte achieves a higher MRR, it also causes greater surface roughness compared to other electrolytes. Furthermore, the application of external magnetic field during electrochemical dissolution was examined. The results indicate that the magnetic field enhances MRR, reduces surface roughness, improves dissolution efficiency, and ultimately improves the surface quality of the machined 440C stainless steel.