Ocean acidification: Global perspectives and India’s path forward

Ocean acidification (OA) poses a significant global threat to marine ecosystems, fisheries, and coastal livelihoods. While several countries have established robust monitoring and mitigation strategies, many regions, including India, are still developing comprehensive responses. Given India's heavy reliance on ocean-based resources, it is crucial to integrate OA considerations into national marine policies to safeguard biodiversity, support sustainable seafood production, and protect vulnerable coastal communities. In alignment with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 14.3, which calls for enhanced scientific cooperation and monitoring to address OA, this review highlights key gaps in India's current OA research and policy landscape. It proposes a strategic framework encompassing improved monitoring systems, socio-ecological impact assessments, and targeted policy interventions. By fostering a holistic and collaborative approach, the study aims to strengthen India's OA resilience and contribute to broader global mitigation efforts.