Addressing unaccounted‐for gas in city gas distribution: Detection and mitigation strategies for sustainable development

Abstract Unaccounted‐for Gas (UFG) in city gas distribution networks presents critical economic and environmental challenges. This review explores the causes, detection methods, and mitigation strategies of UFG. Key causes include measurement errors, leakage, theft, and unreported usage, all contributing to inefficiencies and higher costs for gas companies and consumers. Additionally, UFG exacerbates methane emissions, a potent contributor to climate change. Advanced detection technologies, such as metering infrastructure, leak detection systems, and data analytics, are examined for their effectiveness. The study also addresses regulatory frameworks and industry standards essential for UFG management. Mitigation strategies include enhanced pipeline maintenance, sophisticated monitoring systems, and theft prevention measures, alongside fostering transparency and accountability within the industry. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of UFG challenges and solutions, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches to reduce its economic and environmental impacts, contributing to more sustainable city gas distribution networks.