D-Band Dielectric Lens Antenna: Emulated Linear Array Superposition Measurements for Performance Analysis

This paper outlines an advanced characterization procedure for a D-band dielectric lens made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), utilizing a WR6 waveguide probe as the feeding antenna. The proposed measurement setup is designed to effectively measure the radiation pattern for various source positions relative to the lens with a precision of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$5 \mu\mathrm{m}$</tex>, enabling a comprehensive analysis of individual array elements in conjunction with the lens, for which it was measured a gain of 15.6 dBi at 150 GHz. By measuring complex scattering parameters at each position, the setup emulates a phased array configuration, and the coupling matrix is integrated from previously acquired simulated data. The emulated radiation patterns derived from the measurement results demonstrate strong correlation with fullwave electromagnetic simulations of the complete array, both for uniform and for linear-phase-shifted excitations. These findings validate the effectiveness of the technique for conducting arrayintegrated lens measurements, thereby contributing valuable insights for future antenna and lens design in high-frequency applications.