Law and digitalization of modern healthcare

The article addresses the issues in healthcare delivery and organization of public healthcare in the face of rapid advancements in digital technologies. The purpose of the study is to outline the legal challenges arising during the implementation of concepts such as digital health, e-health, mobile health as well as establishing the legal framework for electronic medical records and telemedicine, and certain types of innovative biomedical activities. The article illustrates the consistent impact of information and communication technologies on the interaction between patients and healthcare providers. It defines the legal framework for telemedicine and its transition to e-health. The study systematizes the particularities of legal regulations concerning both general electronic medical record and those developed by specialized medical organizations. It presents legal challenges related to data compatibility and potential cross-border exchanges. The concept of mobile healthcare is analyzed, with attention given to the risks associated with its development, notably threats to privacy and cybersecurity. The main directions of digital medicine and the challenges faced by modern legal regulations are summarized, including the use of big data, the integration of artificial intelligence, translational bioinformatics, gamification of various stages of medical care, etc. Additionally, the legal challenges arising from the use of big data and introduction of certain digital devices into medical practice are outlined, with special attention given to the brain-computer interface. Comprehensive recommendations for the improvement of healthcare legislation are presented.