Erratology as a Direction of Linguodidactics

The study is devoted to the substantiation of erratology as a direction in linguodidactics. Linguodidactic erratology is understood as a theory of preventing and eliminating errors in the speech of language learners. The relevance of this study determined, on the one hand, by the need to generalize and systematize the data accumulated in the field of preventing and eliminating speech errors and, on the other hand, by the needs of teachers in improving the language teaching process. The material of the study was composed of facts and patterns of methods for teaching native and foreign languages and disciplines basic to them. The study was conducted using methods of theoretical analysis and modeling. The author highlights the main concepts of erratology, describes its linguistic, psychological and pedagogical foundations, and also considers the main features of error prevention and elimination systems. The main concepts of erratology include speech error, error qualification, error cause, error consequence, error prevention, error elimination, and error correction. Each of the components of the language teaching system aimed at preventing speech errors has erratological specificity, which is manifested in the description of the goals and content of training, in the methods, techniques and means of training, as well as in the content of control. The error elimination system acts as a relatively autonomous training system. Its difference from the error prevention system is that the basic learning units in it are the weak areas of the language system. The provisions set out in this article have practical significance. They allow teachers to comprehend their language teaching process as a system in which erratological ideas are or are not reflected, to develop methods and techniques for preventing errors, and to prepare corrective teaching aids aimed at eliminating typical errors. The article suggests directions of erratological research that may be of interest to young scientists.