Prevalence and socio-behavioural determinants of periodontal disease among adolescents in the northern West bank: a cross-sectional study

This study revealed a high prevalence of early periodontal disease among 9th-grade students in the northern governorates of the West Bank, with only 13.2% exhibiting healthy gingiva. Several modifiable determinants-such as oral hygiene practices, toothbrush type, dietary habits, and water-pipe smoking-were significantly associated with periodontal health. Addressing these determinants is critical to preventing disease development and reducing its progression in this age group. Therefore, implementing structured, school-based educational programs tailored to these determinants is strongly recommended.