From variability to consistency: building a Kellgren-Lawrence gonarthrosis dataset

Orthopedic surgeons showed higher agreement with experts and among themselves, particularly in advanced stages (KL ≥ 3), compared to radiologists, who demonstrated only mild to moderate agreement. Categorizing KL stages into early (KL ≤ 2) and advanced (KL ≥ 3) groups improved interobserver reliability, thereby facilitating the development of standardized AI datasets.