Parton Distributions from Lattice and Impacts on Global QCD Analysis

There have been rapid developments in the direct calculation in lattice QCD (LQCD) of the Bjorken-$x$ dependence of hadron structure through large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) and other similar effective approaches. These methods overcome the previous limitation of LQCD to moments (that is, integrals over Bjorken-$x$) of hadron structure, allowing LQCD to directly provide the kinematic Bjorken-$x$ regions where the experimental values are least known. In this proceeding, I will show some selected recent progress along these directions and examples of how including lattice-QCD calculations in the global QCD analysis can play a significant role in improving our understanding of parton distributions in the future.