Congenital Leukemia: Presentation of Three Cases

Congenital leukemia is a very rare but severe disease diagnosed within the first 28 days of life. Common symptoms include hepatosplenomegaly, leukemia cutis, pallor, petechiae, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. This report presents three full-term newborns diagnosed with congenital leukemia. Examination of all three patients showed hepatosplenomegaly, petechiae, and thrombocytopenia, although the symptoms appeared at a different time in each case. Due to the non-specific nature of early symptoms, cytological analysis, cytogenetic testing, and immunophenotyping are essential for establishing a definitive diagnosis. Congenital leukemia is a rare condition that requires early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and ongoing research. Despite progress in neonatal care, the prognosis of this condition remains poor, highlighting the importance of developing better diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.