Documenting traditional knowledge on Indigenous dietary practices for enhancing lactation: An exploratory cross-sectional study from the coastal region of Thrissur district, Kerala, India

Abstract BACKGROUND: Inadequate breast milk supply is a key reason for early cessation of breastfeeding. Prolonging exclusive breastfeeding is a national and global health priority. Despite the prevalence of traditional lactation-enhancing practices in India, particularly dietary interventions, much of this Indigenous knowledge remains undocumented. This study aimed to explore and document traditional dietary practices believed to enhance lactation among women in the coastal region of Thrissur district, Kerala, India. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted using purposive sampling. A total of 60 participants, including experienced mothers, midwives, and elders, were selected for this study. Data were collected via telephone interviews using unstructured questionnaires covering dietary habits, preparation methods, cultural significance, and perceived benefits. Recipes widely used and reported as effective were selected for further documentation of the study. RESULTS: Four traditional recipes were commonly used for enhancing lactation: Jeeraka Kanji (Cumin Porridge), Uluva Kanji (Fenugreek Porridge), Ulli Lehyam (Onion Halwa ), and Moringa Ila Choru (Drumstick Leaf Rice). All participants (100%) consumed Ulli Lehyam during the 41-day postpartum period, followed by Uluva Kanji (95%), Jeeraka Kanji (60%), and Moringa Ila Choru (58.3%). CONCLUSION: This study highlights culturally embedded, dietary-based lactation practices in Kerala. Documenting these recipes helps preserve Indigenous knowledge and offers a foundation for integrating safe and natural dietary approaches into postpartum care. Furthermore, clinical research studies are needed to validate their efficacy and support their inclusion in modern maternal healthcare.