Validation and subcellular localization of previously predicted type III secreted effector proteins in <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>

This study systematically identifies and validates <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> type III secreted effectors, confirming secretion for 11 proteins and identifying 12 additional candidates. Using multiple complementary translocation assays, we directly assess secretion in the native bacterial context, revealing key effectors that target specific host compartments. Notably, several effectors localize to the nucleus or cytoplasm, suggesting distinct roles in host cell manipulation. Our findings refine the known effector repertoire and provide critical insights into how <i>C. trachomatis</i> remodels host organelles to sustain infection. By emphasizing experimentally verified secretion rather than surrogate systems, this work strengthens the foundation for future mechanistic studies and therapeutic targeting.