How Resilience Mitigates Depression After IVF-ET Failure: A Moderated Mediation Model of Hope, Social Relations, and Income in China

Resilience plays a critical role in mitigating depressive symptoms among women failed IVF-ET cycles in China, exerting both direct and indirect effects through the pathways of hope and social relations. Socioeconomic factors also serve as moderators in this process. To effectively support this population, the health system should integrate cultural context into the design of interventions by providing targeted psychological and social support and advocating for policy-level economic assistance.